Prevalencia del alzheimer en pacientes con periodontitis en el Asilo Carlos Plaza Dañín periodo 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and can be related to an increased risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. Objective: To determine the relationship between Alzheimer's and the presence of periodontitis in the residents of the Carlos Plaza Danín nursing home. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive and retrospective study was carried out with a sample of 33 residents of the nursing home. Oral hygiene status, periodontal disease (measured by the depth of periodontal pockets) and cognitive status were assessed using the 3C-MINI test. Correlations between these variables were analyzed using Pearson and Spearman correlation tests, as well as Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests to compare groups. Results: The residents mostly presented poor oral hygiene (57.6%) and periodontitis. Although 90.9% showed some degree of cognitive impairment, no statistically significant correlations were found between the severity of periodontitis and cognitive impairment (p > 0.05). However, the highest prevalence of cognitive impairment was observed in older participants. Conclusions: The findings of the study suggest that age may be a more determining factor in the development of cognitive impairment than periodontitis. These findings highlight the need for further studies with larger samples and a longitudinal design to better understand the potential connection between periodontitis and neurodegenerative diseases. Improving oral hygiene remains essential for the overall health of older adults.