Estudio de la movilidad y flexibilidad de la técnica de ejecución de la sentadilla durante el período preparatorio de la selección de Guayas de powerlifters.

Abstract

Back squat is one of the three fundamental lifts in powerlifting. This exercise is performed with a barbell loaded with weight plates, placed on the trapezius muscles and the upper back. Objective: To determine how mobility and flexibility affect the squat execution technique in active powerlifters during the preparatory period, 2024. Methodology: Quantitative approach, longitudinal design. Materials and methods: The instruments used were: Wells Test, Thomas Test, Lunge Test, Silfverskiold Test, Kinovea Software. Results: Wells Test – Right leg: Flexibility ranges from -7 to 25. Left leg: Flexibility ranges from -12 to 25. Thomas Test – negative results in both legs: 16 cases (51.6% of the sample), positive results in both legs: 11 cases (35.5% of the sample), negative result in the right leg and positive in the left: 3 cases (9.7% of the sample). The averages obtained with the Kinovea Software analysis show that men have slightly greater angles in the hip (32.5° vs. 28°), knee (47.5° vs. 43°), and ankle (17.5° vs. 13°) compared to women. Conclusion: The results of the Wells Test and Thomas Test indicate considerable variability in leg flexibility, with notable differences among subjects. Most show negative results in both legs, suggesting common limitations, while a significant portion has positive flexibility in both legs.