Alteraciones musculoesqueléticas por factor de riesgo laboral en los estibadores de mercado de transferencias de Montebello, periodo 2024.

Abstract

Musculoskeletal injuries are damages to this system and can cause serious repercussions. Objective: Determine the most frequent musculoskeletal alterations due to occupational risk factors in dockers who work in the Montebello transfer market, period 2024. Methodology: This work was pre-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional, with observational technique, documentary review, statistical, Nordic questionnaire, kinovea and dynamometry. Results: Through the information collected in 50 dockers, they are 30-35 years old, male, BMI greater than 30 kg/m2, obese (50%). Nordic Questionnaire: 82% had discomfort in the dorsal or lumbar part, 90% had discomfort for more than 30 days, 60% had episodes lasting more than 1 month, 80% had discomfort in the last 12 months, 83% had discomfort that lasted between 1- 7 days, 97% have not been treated, 48% rate their pain at a mild/moderate level, 100% indicated that their injuries are due to the magnitude of the posture. Dynamometry: right, men 71-80 pounds (68%) and women same weight. Left hand, men and women less than 70 pounds (56%/63%). Kinovea: 20% posture between 15° to 90°, when flexing/extending the neck between 42 to 45° (44%), in neck extension, less than 35° or 45° (60%), turning less than 360 °to the left and 30% -360°, with static position stopped at less than 20 up to 59° (66%). Conclusion: The musculoskeletal alterations were located in the dorsal or lumbar part due to developing low back pain with mild/moderate or moderate pain or discomfort, with several days of evolution.