Frecuencia de parto prematuro en gestantes atendidas en el Hospital Guasmo Sur, en el área gineco obstétrico.

Abstract

Premature birth, defined as birth that occurs before completing 37 weeks of gestation, entails a series of risks and complications for the health of both the newborn and the mother. Objective: To determine the frequency of premature birth in pregnant women cared for at the Guamo Sur Hospital, in the Gyneco-Obstetric area. Methodological Design: Study with a quantitative, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional approach. Population: 150 women who experienced premature birth and received care in the Gyneco-Obstetric area of the Guasmo Sur Hospital. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Indirect observation matrix. Results: Of the patients who had premature birth, the majority were 24 to 29 years old (35%), in free union (40%), with secondary academic education (55%), of mixed ethnicity (70%), with preterm birth of 28 to 32 weeks (70%); Among the factors that stand out are low socioeconomic level (50%), urban residence (85%), overweight BMI (50%), and no harmful habits (70%); among the comorbidities, less than 5 prenatal check-ups are frequently present (70%) and hypertensive disorders (62%); among maternal complications are hypertensive disorders (30%) and as a neonatal complication, respiratory problems (40%). Conclusion: In the Gynecological-Obstetric area of the Guamo Sur Hospital, during the year 2023, there was a higher frequency in the month of January (f=17) of pregnant women treated with premature births in the gestation period between 28 and 32 weeks.