Prevalencia de infecciones causadas por Klebsiella pneumoniae en pacientes de 20 a 65 años que ingresaron a la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) del Hospital General Guasmo Sur, durante el periodo de enero a diciembre del año 2022.

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae, a bacterium known for its antimicrobial resistance, poses a significant threat in critical hospital settings. This study focused on the prevalence and risk factors associated with nosocomial infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the General Hospital Guasmo Sur during 2022. The primary objective was to describe the prevalence of these infections and analyze the associated risk factors in patients aged 20 to 65 years. The study included 45 patients with confirmed Klebsiella pneumoniae infection and 45 patients without infection, selected as controls. The methodology involved descriptive and relational analyses, using percentages, frequencies, chi-square tests, and Student’s t-test, with a significance threshold of p < 0.05. The results showed a prevalence of 46.88% of Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in ICU patients, with the most common age group being 20-34 years (38.89%), predominantly male (62.22%), and respiratory infections accounting for 55.56%. The survival rate was 53.33%. The most significant risk factors were chronic or recent antibiotic use, diabetes, renal failure, central venous catheter use, nasogastric tube placement, and mechanical ventilation. Additionally, infected patients had longer hospital stays and a higher likelihood of developing infections. in In conclusion, Klebsiella pneumoniae infections represent a serious issue in ICUs, particularly patients with comorbidities and invasive devices.