Prevalencia de parto prematuro en gestantes atendidas en el Hospital General Monte Sinaí periodo enero 2021 a enero 2023.

Abstract

Preterm birth, defined as childbirth occurring before 37 weeks of gestation, significantly impacts neonatal health and survival, posing a critical challenge in maternal care. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of preterm births at Hospital General Monte Sinaí from January 2021 to January 2023. Employing a descriptive analysis of medical records, this research sought to provide insights into the factors associated with preterm delivery and the outcomes for both mothers and neonates. The study examined records from 24,073 births, identifying 2,595 cases of preterm births, resulting in a prevalence rate of 10.78%. This rate is comparable to global averages, suggesting that the patient outcomes at the hospital align with international standards. Data revealed that the average age of mothers was 26.42 years, with the highest prevalence of preterm births among women aged 18 to 25. Neonatal data indicated an average gestational age at birth of 32.20 weeks, with most neonates weighing between 1500 and 2500 grams. The majority of these infants required hospital stays between 15 and 30 days, reflecting the need for significant medical care. Placental complications and uterine anomalies were the most common causes, while respiratory distress syndrome and jaundice were the most common associated pathologies. This study underscores the ongoing challenges posed by preterm births at Hospital General Monte Sinaí and highlights the necessity for targeted interventions to reduce these occurrences and improve both maternal and neonatal outcomes.