Caracterización clínica de pacientes con tuberculosis fallecidos en el Hospital General Guasmo Sur entre 2021 - 2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis is one of the global leading causes of death and the second leading infectious cause of death after COVID 19. The objective of this study is to determine the most common clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis that died in “Hospital General Guasmo Sur” between the years 2021 - 2023. Methodology: A cross-sectional, observational, retrospective and descriptive study was carried out in which 99 people were included. The information of the patients who were included in the present investigation was obtained from a database given by the hospital and the medical records of the hospital system. Results: 77% of the patients were male. Most patients were in the age range between 20 and 49 years. 85% of the deceased did so at their first diagnosis and 67% died on their first admission to the hospital. The median number of days from admission to death was 10 days. Thirty-five forms of extrapulmonary TB were found in 25 patients and the most common forms were meningeal, intestinal and renal TB. The most observed risk factors were drug use or history of drug use, HIV and imprisonment or history of deprivation of liberty while the most seen comorbidities were anemia, protein-calorie malnutrition and pneumonia. 58% of the cases were not adherent to antituberculous drugs and 24% had resistance to antituberculous medication. Conclusion: The most frequent clinical characteristics observed were male gender, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, HIV, drug use or history of drug use, imprisonment or history of deprivation of liberty, anemia, protein-calorie malnutrition, non-adherence to antituberculous treatment and resistance to antituberculous treatment.