Prevalencia de gérmenes más frecuentes en niños con neutropenia febril durante la fase de inducción de leucemia linfoblástica aguda en el Servicio de Oncología del Hospital del Niño Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, periodo 2020 – 2023.

Abstract

Background: febrile neutropenia (FN) is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality during treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children. Objective: determine the prevalence of the most frequent germs in children with febrile neutropenia during the induction phase of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in the Oncology Area of the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital in the year 2020 - 2023. Materials and Methods: observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross section. Results: 116 patients with febrile neutropenia were analyzed where 56% were male, mean age of 7.4 years, mean value of absolute neutrophil count of 203.5, cells/mm3, the most frequent infection was of the bloodstream with the 52.6%, 60.3% of the isolated pathogens correspond to highly negative bacteria, followed by 14.7% with mult resistant bacteria, the most common bacteria being klebsiella pneumoniae with 19.8%, the average number of days hospitalized was 69.4 days, regarding the discharge condition, 7.8% died. The patients who died had a mean absolute neutrophil count of 118.89 (p 0.05), the bacteria isolated in this case were multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria with 4.3% (p 0.01). Conclusions: in the present study, the germs responsible for febrile neutropenia were the grand negative bacteria, of which Klebsiella pneumoniae prevailed.