Análisis de las exportaciones de Ecuador a la Unión Europea y sus efectos en la balanza comercial para el periodo 2017-2023.

Abstract

In recent years, the European Union has established itself as one of the most important trading partners for the country, generating a significant impact on its trade balance. The present research aims to analyze Ecuador's exports to the European Union and their effects on the trade balance during the period 2017-2023, a five-year period marked by changes in global and regional trade dynamics. The methodology of this study is quantitative, with a non-experimental retrospective and longitudinal design. Statistical data were collected from official sources to characterize Ecuadorian exports to the EU, analyze their evolution and determine their impact on the country's trade balance. The findings show that Ecuador's exports to the EU have had a positive impact on the trade balance, with a 21% increase in the value of exports between 2017 and 2023. The most notable sectors were agriculture, fishing and manufacturing. However, a high concentration in the export of primary products persists, which exposes the economy to risks due to international price fluctuations. The research proposes three lines of intervention: strengthening and diversifying exports in key sectors, expanding markets and improving trade access, and promoting emerging sectors adapted to changes in European demand. These strategies seek to consolidate Ecuador's position in the European market and improve the competitiveness and resilience of its export sector.