Asociación entre periodontitis y eventos de infarto cerebrovascular isquémico.

Abstract

Introduction: Acute ischemic cerebrovascular events are characterized by obstruction of cerebral vessels caused by atheromas, which can be influenced by periodontal bacteria, thus establishing a relationship between both pathologies. Aim: To determine whether there is an association between periodontitis and ischemic cerebrovascular events suffered by patients at the IESS Machala Hospital in the period B-2024. Material and methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was was carried out with a sample of 22 patients. Patients of both sexes with ischemic cerebrovascular events, with or without periodontitis were included and patients without ischemic cerebrovascular events, total edentulous, were excluded. Periodontal exams, CT scans were performed to diagnose the diseases and laboratory tests to confirm bacteremia and the degree of inflammation.. Results: Of the total number of patients who took part in the study, the predominant sex was male, with an average age of 69 years. 63.6% had periodontitis, of which only 28.6% had bacteremia, 45.50% were diagnosed with stage III periodontitis, most of the patients (85.7%) suffered atheroembolism. Discussion: Grau et al. associated periodontitis with an increased risk of an ischemic cerebrovascular event. This shows agreement with our study since more than half of the patients who suffered a cerebrovascular event were diagnosed with periodontitis. Conclusion: We could not really determine whether there is a relationship between ischaemic cerebrovascular events and periodontitis, but it is important to bear in mind that periodontitis does represent an aggravating factor, which increases the risk of suffering cerebrovascular events.