Autocuidado de la salud mental en los pacientes con tratamiento de hemodiálisis en un hospital de Guayaquil, año 2024.

Abstract

Self-care is an essential component of promoting health and disease prevention; it is defined as a person's ability to maintain good health. Objective: To determine mental health self-care in patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. Methodology: It is descriptive, quantitative, prospective, and cross-sectional. Technique: Survey. Instrument: Mental Health Self-Care Scale (ESAMEN). Population: 100 patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. Results: The majority are men (74%), free civil union status (58%), aged 41 to 60 years (34%), with a treatment time between 6 months to 1 year (36%). When evaluating self-care practices in the mental aspect, 63% have positive aspects and 57% have life projects. Regarding the social aspect, 52% have friends who can help them emotionally, 49% make a point of reuniting with loved ones, and 46% know people with experiences that can help them. Regarding the spiritual aspect, 64% reflect on what is happening in their lives, and 53% breathe and concentrate when faced with anxiety. Among the factors, 75% mention lack of knowledge, 48% lack of motivation, 36% incomplete education, and 35% lack of financial resources. Conclusion: It was determined that mental and spiritual self-care was average, while social self-care was low.