Análisis de la situación nutricional en niños de 0-5 años de la comunidad de Ballenita : identificación de patrones y tendencias del periodo 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Childhood malnutrition is a critical public health issue in Ecuador. In the Ballenita community, it significantly affects children under five years of age due to economic, social, and educational factors. This study analyzed the nutritional status of children in 2024, seeking patterns and causes of chronic malnutrition. Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and retrospective study was conducted based on clinical records and sociodemographic data from 370 children seen at the Ballenita health center. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and variables such as diet, parental education, and access to healthcare services were evaluated. Results: 18.6% of the children had chronic malnutrition, with a higher prevalence in children under 2 years of age (20.8%) compared to the 3 to 5-year-old group (13.3%). Although more common in boys, the difference was not significant. Key factors identified included low family income, a poor diet based on seafood products, and inadequate nutritional education. Conclusion: Malnutrition in Ballenita is not only caused by poverty but also by a lack of information and poor habits. It is essential to strengthen nutritional education, improve food diversity, and implement community strategies to prevent and address this issue in children.