Complicaciones postquirúrgicas por apendicectomía abierta en niños de 4 a 10 años intervenidos en el servicio de cirugía general del Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante del 2021-2023.

Abstract

Introduction: One of the most common diseases during childhood and adolescence is acute appendicitis, characterized by inflammation of the appendix, located on the right side of the abdomen, due to an obstruction inside, causing inflammation and infection. Objective: To identify the most frequent post-surgical complications in open appendectomy in pediatric patients from 4 to 10 years old operated on in the General Surgery Service of the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study was carried out with a population of 1126 patients corresponding to the period from 2021 to 2023, through which a sample of 286 patients who met the inclusion criteria was obtained by reviewing their medical records. Results: It was found that the main complication is surgical site infection with 43.36% of cases. Similarly, it can be observed that the predominant sex in this pathology is male with 56.99%, while the most frequent age range is between 8 - 10 years with 61.54%, having obesity as the main comorbidity with 62.59%. On the other hand, it was found that the most frequent clinical manifestation is abdominal pain with 51.40%. In turn, we have that upon hospital admission, the most frequent clinical grade is acute perforated appendicitis with 72.03%. Conclusion: In our country, pediatric patients are considered a priority group in the healthcare setting due to the diagnostic complexity and the persistent lack of timely and adequate treatment for their conditions. This research study aimed to identify the main postoperative complications following open appendectomy. The result was that surgical site infection was the most common complication.