Estudio retrospectivo de incidencia de casos sobre leucemia linfoblástica de aparición aguda en los pacientes adultos del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el periodo entre el año 2022-2024.

Abstract

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a type of blood cancer. Although it occurs more frequently in children, it has also been observed to be increasing in adults. This research reviews cases of adults with ALL who were treated at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital between 2022 and 2024. Their symptoms and previous illnesses were investigated. An observational, cross- sectional, and retrospective approach was used. There was a total of 150 adult patients, of whom 109 were randomly selected using ICD-10 codes. Their digital medical records were reviewed, and Excel and PPP were used to analyze the data. The results showed that cases increased slightly during those years. The majority of patients were men, especially between 25 and 45 years old. The most frequently reported symptoms were headaches, fatigue, and numerous infections. Many patients had a history of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. The relationship between age and year of hospitalization was low (r=0.103). Chi-square tests yielded significant results for several qualitative variables. This helps determine that ALL in adults is progressive and that several medical and personal factors could be influencing it. Early detection is essential for a better response to preventive treatments.