Factores de riesgo médicos relacionados a parto prematuro en mujeres embarazadas atendidas en el Hospital General Monte Sinaí durante el periodo 2023- 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Premature birth is defined as birth that occurs before completing 37 weeks of gestation. Risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, infections, and transplacental infections. Identification and managing are essential, decreasing the risk of long-term complications for the newborn. Objective: to identify the main medical risk factors related to premature birth in pregnant women treated at the Hospital General Monte Sinaí during the period 2023 – 2024. Methodology: The study was an observational, descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, based on data obtained from medical records provided by Hospital General Monte Sinaí. Results: It is observed that 70% of premature birth cases are in pregnant adolescents between 14 and 18 years of age. 67% of pregnant women suffer from urinary tract infections during the year of pregnancy. Syphilis accounts for 71% of vertical transmission cases in premature birth. Respiratory distress syndrome accounts for 73% of cases, making it the most common complication in newborns. Conclusions: Early pregnancies are directly attributed to sociocultural factors and sexual reproductive education. The main infectious agent found was Escherichia coli in cases of recurrent UTI.