Correlación de la prueba de coombs directa y la ictericia neonatal en pacientes con incompatibilidad ABO en el Hospital General Monte Sinaí en el período 2022-2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Neonatal jaundice due to ABO incompatibility is a common problem in the pediatric population. It is caused by increased bilirubin production plus the inability of the liver to conjugate and excrete bilirubin. The Coombs test is essential to estimate the prognosis of the disease. Objectives: To correlate direct Coombs testing and neonatal jaundice in patients with ABO incompatibility at Mount Sinai General Hospital in the period 2022-2023. Methodology: This is an observational, correlational, cross-sectional and retrospective research. A total of 238 newborns with ABO incompatibility who were born between January 1, 2022 and December 31, 2023 at Mount Sinai General Hospital were studied. Results: The average gestational age was 37.41 weeks ± 1.27 where 34.45% were born at 37 weeks and 27.73% were born at 36 weeks according to the Capurro test. Likewise, the average birth weight was 3069.87 gr ± 374.03 where 54.20% weighed between 2500-3000gr and 32.77% weighed between 3001-3500gr. 68.49% of the population had neonatal jaundice, where 35.29% had OA incompatibility. On the other hand, 50.43% developed jaundice despite the negativity of the direct Coombs test while 18.06% developed jaundice with a positive direct Coombs test. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between direct Coombs test positivity and the development of jaundice in newborns with ABO incompatibility.