Manifestaciones neurológicas en pacientes con diagnóstico de VIH, de 20 a 60 años, atendidos por servicio de emergencia del Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo entre el año 2019 al 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: HIV is one of the primary causes of the appearance of neurological manifestations; secondary to the virus itself and its immunosuppressive capacity. Objective: To describe the neurological manifestations in patients diagnosed with HIV as a primary or secondary manifestation of the disease in the emergency department of the Teodoro Maldonado Cabor Hospital between 2019 and 2024. Materials and methods: The study to be presented was conducted by reviewing clinical histories admitted to the S400, where they were compiled and organized using EXCEL. Results: From a total of 162 patients with HIV seen in the emergency unit of the HTMC during the years 2019 to 2024 we found that 49% (n=81) presented neurological manifestations as a cause of consultation and hospital admission with a predominance of male sex in 80% (n=65 ), The most relevant symptoms presented alone or together were headache in 40% (n=33), convulsions in 50% (n=30) and confusion in 45% (n=37), with a total mortality of 56% (n=45) of which 60% (n=27) corresponded to cases with no treatment or treatment abandonment, about CD4 count 68% (N=55) presented < 200 cells. /Of these, 76% (n=53) were associated with opportunistic infections in the nervous system. Conclusions: These results will allow us to consider neurological manifestations as a cause of emergency in patients with HIV and to give importance and impact to the search for targeted information and the application of appropriate neurological screening to patients with debut and/or diagnosed HIV that will allow them a timely treatment that reduces mortality and improves the patient's prognosis.