Caracterización epidemiológica de las pacientes de 35 a 45 años con miomas uterinos atendidas en el Hospital IESS Básico Duran desde enero del 2023 a mayo del 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Uterine fibroids are defined as benign tumors, whose appearance is associated with genetic, hormonal and obstetric-gynecological factors. Symptoms are manifested according to the size and location of the myoma, these include abnormal bleeding, pelvic pain and infertility, which affect the quality of life of patients. Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics of patients aged 35 to 45 years with uterine fibroids treated at the Hospital IESS Básico Duran from January 2023 to May 2024. Methodology: This study had an observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional and observational research design. Results: 197 patients with a diagnosis of uterine fibroids were included in the study period. The most frequent age range was 35 to 37 years (49.2%). The most common comorbidity was obesity (48.7%), followed by polycystic ovarian syndrome (36%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (34.5%). Menorrhagia was present in 61.4% of the patients, being the most frequent clinical manifestation. Other symptoms were fatigue in 41.1% and pelvic pain in 40.1%. In relation to the classification of the myomas, intramural myomas were the most frequently observed, in 58.9% of the cases, followed by submucous myomas with 22.8% and subserosal myomas in 18.3%. Iron deficiency anemia was the most common complication in 27.4% of patients, along with infertility in 24.9% and preterm labor in 23.4%. Conclusions: Uterine myomatosis occurred primarily in women of reproductive age, with pre-existing comorbidities, and who reported menstrual symptoms and pelvic pain as the main cause of affecting their quality of life.