Comparación de tasas de complicaciones y hospitalización en pacientes con dengue sin signos y con signos de alarma en el Hospital Dr. León Becerra Camacho, en el período 2022 hasta agosto del 2024.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Dengue is a viral disease of fundamental importance to globalized public health, transmitted primarily by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. The disease typically occurs in tropical and subtropical areas and is challenging for the national health system due to its diverse serotypes, including DENV-1, 2, 3, and 4. OBJECTIVES: To compare complication and hospitalization rates between patients with dengue with and without warning signs at León Becerra Hospital. To determine complication rates, compare average hospitalization times, analyze demographic characteristics, and identify factors that promote complications in this disease. METHODOLOGY: An observational, analytical, and retrospective cross-sectional study will be conducted. The aim is to compare complication rates of dengue with and without warning signs. RESULTS: At León Becerra Hospital in Milagro City, 191 patients were diagnosed with dengue without warning signs (A90X) and with warning signs (A91X), as well as unspecified dengue, from 2022 to 2024. Men represented 57% of the population at risk of developing the disease because their occupations were linked to contact with the transmitter, for example, farmers. Patients with warning signs had a 1.53-fold higher relative risk of developing complications compared to patients diagnosed without warning signs. On average, patients diagnosed with warning signs were hospitalized for an average of 7.5 days; the standard deviation of these was ±1.59, indicating that most patients were hospitalized between 6 and 9 days. CONCLUSIONS: This suggests that the presence of warning signs is closely related to a longer hospital stay and, in turn, the need for more intensive clinical management.