Factores de riesgo y complicaciones de la hemorragia digestiva alta variceal y no variceal en pacientes del Hospital León Becerra de Milagro en el periodo 2022 y 2025.

Abstract

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is defined as bleeding in structures of the upper digestive tract, delimited by the angle or ligament of Treitz. In this study, its etiologies are divided into variceal and non-variceal, with the latter including peptic ulcer, esophagitis, and Mallory-Weiss syndrome. This pathology is considered a very common clinical presentation, representing approximately 75% of all cases of gastrointestinal bleeding. This study took a sample of 139 patients from the León Becerra Milagro Hospital who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria described below. The variables analyzed were sex, age group, occupation, marital status, socioeconomic status, educational level, associated diagnoses, and discharge status. The age group with the highest incidence was 49 to 65 years, at 34,53%, closely following the international trend of a median age for this diagnosis of 60 years. Various tables linking etiology to other variables are proposed, however, no statistical significance is obtained. It is suggested that this is an issue that requires greater attention and study in our region to achieve early diagnosis and treatment.