Prevalencia de tuberculosis pulmonar en pacientes inmunodeprimidos con VIH positivo de 20 a 30 años de edad en el Hospital General Monte Sinaí en el año 2021- 2023.

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a communicable disease and one of the main causes of mortality worldwide. One fourth of the population is infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is a strict aerobic microbacterium Koch's bacillus, which has a latency period, until it produces manifestations of pneumopathy, this is transmitted by inhalation of infectious droplets that are eliminated through sneezing, fecal contents or urine. In this research, the objective is to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis in immunocompromised patients between 20 to 30 years in 2021-2023, for this research, will use a cross-sectional design, in order to observe, analyze and collect data from the records of the histories of a group of people with an age range of 20 to 30 years, in addition to this will have a retrospective approach to determine the characteristics or particular condition that is present, this study was conducted at the Mount Sinai General Hospital, during the period of 2021-2023, consisting of 100 patients. Cases of tuberculosis are observed more frequently in the male sex with 80%. With respect to the age at which coinfection occurs, the most frequent is between 23 and 25 years of age, which indicates that the patients are already infected and are in a critical stage of the infection, while the population between 20 and 22 years of age is in an earlier phase of the disease, characterized by a recent infection. Immunodeficiency is considered a risk factor for the appearance of tuberculosis, since it is reflected in the CD4 T lymphocyte count, in which it can be seen that the greatest number of tuberculosis cases are found in those with a lymphocyte count <199 cells/ μL with 89%.