Prevalencia de alcoholismo como factor de riesgo asociado a neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en pacientes mayores de 19 años ingresados en el Hospital IESS los Ceibos de Guayaquil entre junio de 2023 y mayo de 2024.

Abstract

Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is an infectious disease that affects the lower respiratory tract outside the hospital setting. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the predominant causative agent; however, in recent years, a significant number of CAP cases have also been associated with SARS-CoV-2. The prevalence of this disease is higher among older adults and patients with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (DM) or hypertension (HTN). Alcoholism is a relevant factor in this study, as pneumonia is a known complication in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. Additionally, the pathophysiological processes occurring in alcoholic patients affect both the microbiota and mechanical functions, increasing the risk of aspiration and impairing cough reflexes. This study aims to demonstrate the correlation between these variables and assess their statistical significance through a retrospective, cross- sectional, and analytical