Evaluación del equilibrio en adultos mayores para prevención de caídas, atendidos en el Asilo Carlos Luis Plaza Dañín y el Centro de Salud Cisne 2.

Abstract

Falls in older adults are a common public health problem with serious repercussions on quality of life, as they are associated with injuries, loss of autonomy, and increased functional dependence. Balance assessment is essential to identify risk and prevent complications. Objective: To determine the balance status of older adults as a strategy for fall prevention at the Carlos Luis Plaza Dañín Nursing Home and the Cisne 2 Health Center during 2025. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental, and cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 62 older adults. The instruments used were medical history, the Tinetti Scale, the Berg Scale, a digital scale, and a stadiometer for anthropometric parameters. Results: The sample consisted of 74.2% women and 25.8% men, with a predominance of overweight and obesity. According to the Tinetti Scale, 65% of participants presented a low risk of falls, 18% a moderate risk, and 18% a high risk. On the Berg Scale, 58% were classified as low risk, 24% as moderate risk, and 18% as high risk, demonstrating a significant proportion of older adults with disorders that affect their functional independence. Conclusions: It was determined that the systematic assessment of balance using validated scales allows for the early identification of postural deficits, facilitating the development of exercise programs that strengthen stability, reduce the incidence of falls, and promote active aging and a better quality of life.