Enfermedad periodontal en pacientes con osteoporosis atendidos en el Hospital del Día Virgen del Carmen.

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontitis, a chronic periodontal disease, is characterized by progressive destruction of the dental attachment apparatus and bone loss. Osteoporosis is defined as a silent disease; a metabolic disorder, manifested mainly through bone mineral density (BMD). Objective: To characterize the periodontal status of patients with osteoporosis treated at the Virgen del Carmen Day Hospital in the city of Machala during the academic period A - 2025 of the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil. Materials and methods: A quantitative, clinical and cross-sectional study was conducted, with an observational-descriptive design. The deductive-inductive method was applied. The T-score of the DXA test, body mass index, medications, age, characteristics of the periodontal status and diagnosis were determined. Results: Median PS was 3.15 mm (IQR 1.33), CIN -2.10 (IQR 3.02), plaque index 57.77 (SD 20.20), and bleeding on probing was 41 (IQR 28). 50% had gingivitis in intact periodontium, 57.50% had stage III grade B periodontitis. Patients with gingivitis in reduced periodontium had a T-score of -2.65 (IQR 0.40), while patients with stage III grade B had the lowest median (-3.70; IQR 1.20), indicating advanced osteoporosis. Conclusion: Periodontal disease was present in its different clinical forms within the osteoporotic female population evaluated in the present study, with periodontitis being its most frequent form in advanced stages. The periodontal parameters and the recorded T-score suggest that, in more advanced cases of periodontitis, there is more severe bone involvement.