Características clínicas y demográficas asociadas a accidente cerebrovascular en la población adulta del Hospital Monte Sinaí durante los años 2021 – 2023.

Abstract

Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in the adult population worldwide, making it essential to understand the clinical and demographic factors associated with its occurrence. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and demographic characteristics of adult patients diagnosed with stroke at Hospital Monte Sinaí between 2021 and 2023. A quantitative, descriptive, analytical, retrospective, and cross-sectional design was used. The entire population meeting inclusion criteria (n=118) and a control group (n=118) with mild respiratory illnesses without stroke were included. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS v22, applying frequencies, Student’s t-test, and Chi-square test. The average age of stroke patients was 71.38 years, and 76.27% were male. Significant associations were found between stroke and the following factors: hypertension (OR=10.53), dyslipidemia (OR=7.99), diabetes mellitus (OR=3.97), obesity (OR=3.27), smoking (OR=2.55), and alcohol consumption (OR=0.18). Ischemic stroke was the most frequent type (80.51%), but mortality was higher among hemorrhagic cases, showing a strong association (OR=16.39). It is concluded that cardiometabolic risk factors and male sex are significantly associated with stroke, and the stroke subtype is a relevant predictor of clinical outcome.