Tipo de miomatosis uterina y su influencia en la infertilidad en el Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, 2021-2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumors of the female reproductive system. They are characterized as monoclonal mesenchymal tumors of the myometrium. Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy despite regular unprotected intercourse for a period of 12 months. Objective: To determine the type of uterine fibroids and their influence on infertility at Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, 2021-2023. Methodology: This is an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, and analytical study focused on female patients of reproductive age diagnosed with uterine fibroids and infertility issues Results: A total of 111 patients diagnosed with uterine myomatosis were included. The average age was 43.9 ± 4.7 years, with a predominance of patients between 43 and 50 years of age (70.3%). Overweight was present in 39.6% of patients, and 100% were of mixed race. The most frequent fibroids were FIGO 4 intramural fibroids (36.04%), followed by transmural (hybrid) FIGO 2-5 fibroids (27.93%), FIGO 5 subserosal fibroids (10.81%), and FIGO 3 submucosal fibroids (8.11%). FIGO 4 intramural fibroids (n=33) showed a high proportion of infertility compared to other fibroid types, followed by hybrid FIGO 2-5 (n=27). However, no statistically significant associations were found between myoma types and the presence of infertility (p > 0.05 in all cases). Conclusion: Uterine myomatosis mainly affects women between 35 and 50 years, with predominance of overweight and intramural myomas (FIGO 4); although no statistical association was found with infertility, these may impact fertility.