Prevalencia de colestasis intrahepática gestacional en el Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo durante el periodo 2021-2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is a gestational disorder characterized by the accumulation of bile acids in the blood due to impaired hepatic excretion. Objective: To determine the prevalence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital during the period 2021-2024. Methodology: This study has a non- experimental, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective design. Results: A total of 114 cases of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy were identified, with a prevalence of 8.3%. Most of the pregnant women were between 20 and 35 years old (66.7%) and were diagnosed in the third trimester (64.0%). In relation to low-risk gynecological and obstetric history, up to two pregnancies (54.4%) and deliveries (45.6%) were reported. The most common comorbidities were preeclampsia (49.1%), urinary tract infections (38.6%), and fatty liver (33.3%). Premature rupture of membranes was the main obstetric complication (64.0%), followed by threatened preterm labor (33.3%) and amniotic fluid abnormalities. Fetal death was recorded in 5.3% of cases. Conclusion: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy had a high prevalence, especially in pregnant women of reproductive age and in the third trimester, with preeclampsia as the most common comorbidity and premature rupture of membranes as the main obstetric complication.