Asociación de diabetes mellitus II en pacientes entre 45-75 años que cursaron con Ictus Isquémico en el Hospital Abel Gilbert Pontón en el período 2022 – 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of ischemic stroke through atherosclerosis and cardiovascular factors, increasing prevalence, severity, and mortality worldwide. Objective: To analyze the association between Type II Diabetes Mellitus and clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke aged 45–75 years treated at the Abel Gilbert Pontón Hospital between 2022 and 2024. Methodology: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, mixed-method, and observational study. Results: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with ischemic stroke was 66%, with a predominance of males (56.3%), although the association was not significant (p>0.05). Diabetics were younger (58.43 ± 8.20 vs. 61.14 ± 8.69; p = 0.023) and had greater stroke severity (46% severe stroke vs. 22.5%; p < 0.001). Furthermore, a positive correlation was evident between HbA1c and NIHSS (rho = 0.717; p < 0.001). Mortality (22.2% vs. 24.5%; p = 0.656) and length of hospitalization (16.081 vs. 16.273 days; p = 0.847) did not show significant differences between groups. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus is associated with a higher prevalence and severity of ischemic stroke, especially in younger patients, without significantly influencing mortality or length of hospitalization in this population.