Frecuencia de hipersensibilidad a la penicilina en Canis lupus familiaris y Felis catus aparentemente sanos, detectada mediante Prick-Test en clínicas veterinarias en Guayaquil.

Abstract

Penicilin es one of the most widely used antimicrobials in veterinary practice; however, its administration without ptior studies may trigger hypersensitivity reactions in some patients. The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of hypersensitivity to penicillin in Canis lupus familiaris and Felis catus, diagnosed through the Prick-Test in veterinary clinic in Guayaquil. It was an experimental study with a quantitative approach, including a descrptive and distributive component. The sample consisted of 40 apparently healthy canines and 46 felines. The reaction was evaluated by identifying erythema and papules and measuring them in millimeters, llowing the result to be classified as positive or negative. The results showed a low frequency of hypersensitivity, with only three canines (7.5 %) testing positive for penicillin allergy, while no positive results were observed in felines, demonstrating the existence of hypersensitivity to penicillin in companion animals. It was concluded that the frequency of hypersentivity to penicillin in apparently healthy canines and felines is low but clinically relevant; moreover, it is recommended to implement the Prick-Test before administrating the medication to ensure safe treatment.