Análisis y diseño de un sistema automatizado para la clasificación y valorización de residuos industriales.

Abstract

The degree project focused on the analysis and design of an automated system for the classification and valorization of industrial waste. The proposal is based on the use of accessible technologies such as Arduino Mega, sensors, and actuators, which together allow the identification, separation, and allocation of diverse types of waste into their corresponding containers. Throughout its development, both theoretical and practical aspects were addressed, including the review of international standards, the selection of appropriate electronic components, and the design of control diagrams, flowcharts, and electronic schematics. These elements ensured the technical feasibility of the system and its applicability in environments seeking efficiency and sustainability. The prototype designed proved to be an efficient and low-cost solution, capable of optimizing waste management processes, reducing human errors, and minimizing environmental impacts. The system successfully facilitated the classification of materials such as plastics, metals, paper, and organic waste, thus promoting circular economy practices and responsible resource management. A technical–economic analysis also demonstrated the feasibility of the project, with a total cost of approximately two hundred dollars, which makes it affordable for small and medium-sized enterprises. In conclusion, this work offers a practical and replicable alternative that combines technological innovation with environmental and economic benefits.