Análisis comparativo de protocolos analgésicos en pacientes con cirugía de terceros molares, clínica UCSG, B-2025.

Abstract

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of different analgesic protocols used in terms of postoperative pain and inflammation control, in patients undergoing upper and lower third molar surgery at the UCSG Dental Clinic during the B-2025 period. Matherials and methods: Prospective quantitative, observational, and analytical cross-sectional study conducted on 52 patients undergoing upper and lower thrid molar extractions. Postoperative pain was assesed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Inflammation was measured using an ordinal scale from 0 to 3. Both were measured at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours. The Pedersen Scale was used to measure surgical difficulty in lower molars, while clinical and radiographic criteria were used in upper molars. Statisical analysis was performed in SPSS vs29, using nonparametric tests with significance p < 0,05. Results: Fifty-two patients were analyzed, predominantly female (63,5%), ASA I classification, and low surgical difficulty. Ibuprofen was the most commonly prescribed analgesic protocol. No significant differentes were found between protocols in pain control (p ≥ 0.05). Inflammation decreased after 12 hours and was associated with the analgesic protocol and surgical difficulty. Conclusion: The eevaluated analgesic protocols proved to be clinically effective in controlling inflammation and pain during the first 48 hours postoperatively. Surgical factors such as the number of tooth extractions and the duration of the procedure, had a greater influence on postoperative recovery than the type of analgesic administered.