Liderazgo transformacional y congruencia de roles : un análisis comparativo desde la percepción de género en empresas privadas de Guayaquil, 2025.

Abstract

This research study titled “Transformational Leadership and Role Congruence: A Comparative Analysis from a Gender Perception Perspective in Private Companies in Guayaquil, 2025” examines variations in transformational leadership from a gender perspective in private companies in Guayaquil during the year 2025. The study is based on Role Congruity Theory and the transformational leadership model. Through a quantitative, exploratory, and comparative method, the adapted Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) was administered to a group of 42 employees from private companies in Guayaquil, using a stratified probabilistic sampling method according to the leader’s gender. Three objectives were established in this study: first, to identify the characteristics of transformational leadership according to gender; second, to compare differences and similarities in leadership based on role congruity theory; and third, to determine employees’ preferences regarding the leadership style they respond to most positively. Additionally, the study provides concrete local evidence on leadership and gender dynamics, offering a foundation for the development of more inclusive and effective organizational practices in the private sector of Guayaquil.