Caracterización de los Síndromes Geriátricos en pacientes adultos mayores con deterioro cognitivo atendidos en el Hospital General Monte Sinaí en el periodo 2024–2025.

Abstract

Cognitive impairment in older adults represents a growing health problem, associated with multiple clinical factors and geriatric syndromes that significantly affect quality of life. The aim of this study was to characterize geriatric syndromes in elderly patients with cognitive impairment treated at Hospital General Monte Sinaí during the period 2024–2025. A retrospective, quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 60 patients aged 65 years and older. Sociodemographic, clinical variables, geriatric syndromes, risk factors, and comorbidities were analyzed using statistical tools such as the chi-square test, with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that the most frequent geriatric syndromes are polypharmacy (68%), urinary incontinence (63%), and falls (53%). A statistically significant association was found between the degree of cognitive impairment and all analyzed geriatric syndromes. Furthermore, when reviewing risk factors, polypharmacy is the most prevalent risk factor, while among comorbidities, high blood pressure is the most prevalent, followed by depression and obesity., with a progressive increase observed in more advanced stages of cognitive impairment. It is concluded that cognitive impairment is a multifactorial condition closely related to geriatric syndromes and risk factors, highlighting the importance of a comprehensive, timely, and multidisciplinary approach to improve the quality of life of older adults.