Evaluación clínica y epidemiológica de pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica atendidos en el servicio de hemodiálisis en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, durante el año 2022 al 2024.

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a major public health problem due to its high morbidity and mortality and the need for renal replacement therapy. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics and factors associated with complications in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis at the Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo during the period 2022–2024. An observational, descriptive, and retrospective study was conducted including 164 patients. The mean age was 64.19 years, with a predominance of older adults, and males accounted for 64.6% of the sample. Hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity (84.8%), followed by diabetes mellitus (41.5%), with a significant association between diabetic etiology and a greater burden of comorbidities. The type of vascular access was significantly associated with complications, showing a higher risk of infection, sepsis, and mortality in patients with temporary catheters. It is concluded that patients undergoing hemodialysis present a high burden of comorbidities and an increased risk of complications, highlighting the importance of controlling risk factors and optimizing vascular access.