Valoración del riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes adultos atendidos en un hospital de la cuidad de Guayaquil usando la escala OMS/ISH AMR‑D sin colesterol.

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, accounting for nearly 30% of annual deaths, with the greatest impact in developing countries (2). These conditions cause systemic changes that affect blood flow and the body’s functioning (1). Objective: To assess cardiovascular risk in adult patients seen in the outpatient clinic of a hospital in the city of Guayaquil using the WHO/ISH AMR-D scale. Population and sample: A total of 100 patients who met the established inclusion criteria were included. Instrument: Cardiovascular Risk Scale developed by the World Health Organization and the International Society of Hypertension for the Americas (WHO/ISH AMR-D without cholesterol) Results: The 40–49 age group was the most common (33%), with a male majority (53%); alcohol consumption was very high (94%) compared to smoking (20%). Twenty-five percent had diabetes, 40% had hypertension, and 35% were on antihypertensive treatment; 30% had a family history of hypertension. Fifty-three percent had low cardiovascular risk, but the remaining 47% had moderate–very high risk, associated with older age, hypertension, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Conclusion: Although low cardiovascular risk predominates, a significant percentage of the population has considerable cardiovascular risk, which requires strengthening preventive measures. Alcohol, high blood pressure, and diabetes are key risk factors, especially in men. The risk increases with age, making ongoing monitoring and personalized prevention essential.