Prácticas de enfermería del desempeño paliativo en pacientes oncológicos ingresados en un hospital de Guayaquil, año 2026.

Abstract

Palliative care for oncology patients offers comprehensive attention aimed at alleviating suffering, controlling symptoms, preserving dignity, and improving quality of life. Objective: To determine nursing practices regarding palliative care delivery for oncology patients admitted to a hospital in Guayaquil in 2026. Methodology: Descriptive, quantitative, prospective, and cross-sectional study. Sample: 130 patients. Techniques: Surveys and direct/indirect observation. Instruments: Sociodemographic questionnaire, palliative care performance assessment, and observation guide. Results: The patient population was predominantly aged 34–41 (41.5%), with diagnoses dating back more than 5 years (41.5%) and respiratory comorbidities (12.3%). Regarding palliative status: 35.38% were bedridden, 35.85% showed significant functional impairment, 80% were alert, and 43.85% had normal or reduced oral intake. Prevalent nursing diagnoses were chronic pain (16.9%) and nausea (13.8%). Key interventions included emotional support (16.9%), pain management (15.4%), and nausea management (13.8%). It is concluded that nursing practices focus primarily on symptom control, emotional support, and humanized care for oncology patients receiving palliative care.