Relación entre la severidad clínica del traumatismo craneoencefálico y hallazgos tomográficos en pacientes pediátricos con trauma craneoencefálico moderado – severo que acuden al área de emergencia del Hospital Roberto Gilbert entre enero 2020 a enero 2025.

Abstract

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global health concern, particularly among pediatric patients, with school-aged children representing a particularly vulnerable population. Objective: To determine the relationship between the clinical severity of traumatic brain injury, as assessed by the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and computed tomography (CT) findings classified according to the Marshall CT classification in pediatric patients with moderate-to-severe TBI presenting to the Emergency Department of Roberto Gilbert Hospital between January 2020 and January 2025. Methods: This study included 125 pediatric patients with moderate or severe TBI. Measures of central tendency and absolute frequencies were used to characterize the epidemiological variables. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to assess the association between Glasgow Coma Scale scores and Marshall CT classification scores. Results: A weak negative correlation was observed between Glasgow Coma Scale scores and CT findings according to the Marshall classification (Spearman's ρ = −0.222), with a statistically significant association (p = 0.013), a mortality rate of 6.8% among the patients studied who had moderate to severe traumatic brain injuries. Conclusions: An inverse correlation was identified between Glasgow Coma Scale scores and Marshall CT classification scores. Lower Glasgow Coma Scale scores were associated with higher Marshall classification scores, reflecting greater injury severity and an increased risk of morbidity and mortality.