Propuesta de abordaje nutricional en paciente con enfermedad renal crónica estadio V en tratamiento renal sustitutivo.

Abstract

Stage V chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a highly complex clinical condition requiring a multidisciplinary approach, in which nutritional intervention plays a fundamental role in preventing and treating nutritional status alterations associated with renal replacement therapy. This paper presents the case analysis of a 65-year-old female patient diagnosed with stage V CKD on hemodialysis, through a comprehensive nutritional assessment based on scientific evidence. The evaluation included anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and dietary assessments, complemented by the application of tools such as the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF), GLIM criteria, and protein-energy wasting (PEW) criteria, in addition to nutritional diagnosis using the PES methodology. The findings revealed malnutrition, decreased muscle mass, severe anemia, alterations in mineral and bone metabolism, and insufficient energy and protein intake relative to estimated energy requirements. Based on the results, an individualized nutritional intervention was proposed with the estimation of requirements, dietary prescription, food planning and nutritional recommendations aimed at the recovery of their nutritional status and contributing to the control of metabolic alterations associated with CKD and dialysis treatment.