Evaluación de calidad de vida en pacientes pretratamiento de rehabilitación oral atendidos en la clínica odontológica de la UCSG mediante el OHIP-14.

Abstract

Oral rehabilitation is a viable and effective treatment option for improving individuals' oral health. Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of patients undergoing pre-treatment oral rehabilitation at the UCSG dental clinic using the OHIP-14. Methodology: The study employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive design. Population/Sample: 100 patients. Technique: Survey. Instrument: OHIP-14 questionnaire. Results: The study population consisted primarily of female patients (60.0%), with the 18–29 age group being the most represented (28.0%). Regarding oral health-related quality of life, a "fair" level predominated (45.0%), followed by "poor" (30.0%) and "good" (25.0%) levels. In the physical dimension, the main issues were headaches associated with dental problems (2.15 ± 1.36) and difficulty chewing food (2.10 ± 1.30). In the psychological dimension, avoiding smiling was notable (2.14 ± 1.33), while in the social dimension, the inability to perform daily activities (2.10 ± 1.27) and difficulty interacting with others (2.03 ± 1.26) stood out. By gender, a "poor" quality of life was most prevalent among women (40.0%). Conclusion: Patients undergoing pre-treatment oral rehabilitation exhibited a "fair" quality of life, with impairments in physical, psychological, and social dimensions—primarily linked to dental problems that limit their well-being and the performance of daily activities.