Relación entre nivel socioeconómico, apoyo emocional y adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica. Estudio con pacientes que reciben tratamiento en una clínica de la ciudad de Tulcán.

Abstract

He primary objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic status, emotional support, and treatment adherence among patients with chronic renal failure receiving care at a clinic in the city of Tulcán in 2025, in order to verify the association between these variables within the local context. Kidney disease has a significant, direct impact on patients' quality of life; patients often experience chronic fatigue, physical limitations, financial dependence, and emotional changes, all of which directly influence treatment adherence. A descriptive mixed-methods approach was adopted for this analysis, supported by convenience sampling. Five cases of individuals with kidney disease were studied, collecting data on socioeconomic status and adherence levels. Family members of the patients (wife, daughter, sister) were also interviewed. The findings of this study suggest a direct relationship between socioeconomic status and adherence levels. Furthermore, the study identified that, in addition to socioeconomic status, the parent-child relationship and the couple's relationship are influential factors in treatment adherence. The results show that difficulties in adhering to treatment are related to specific social and family conditions, such as lack of economic resources, work responsibilities, tiredness, confusion regarding the amount of medication, emotional distress, and the availability of family support.