Prevalencia de enfermedad periodontal relacionando parto pretérmino y bajo peso al nacer. Hospital de la mujer Alfredo G. Paulson. 2017

Abstract

Introduction. Periodontal disease (PD) is a multifactorial infection caused by aerobic and anaerobic bacterias that colonize the gingival sulcus; local, genetic, environmental and biological factors favor the evolution of the destructive process, and on the other hand, PD affects women in gestation due to cytokines and other inflammatory mediators that spread thro ugh the bloodstream until reaching the uterine cavity , where they will promote the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs), provoking oxidative stress and contraction of the smooth muscle, these events are involved in the natural history of preterm birth. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study; was performed at the Alfredo G. Paulson Women's Hospital in the city of Guayaquil, with a universe of 930 patients. A total of 77 patients who complied the inclusion criteria were eval uated and the informed consent was signed and the registration form was filled in which personal data of the birth and the newborn were collected. Results: In relation to the prevalence of periodontal disease, 62.34% (48) presented periodontal health, 33.7 7% (26) had gingivitis and only 3.90% (3) had mild periodontitis. Conclusions: It is concluded that the periodontal disease of the puerperae included in the study is not a risk factor for low birth weight.