Prevalencia de movilidad dentaria en pacientes con enfermedad periodontal de la UCSG semestre B-2016.

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontal diseases are a group of clinical manifestations of inflammatory origin that affect the structures of support and protection of the tooth and are classified in: gingivitis and periodontitis. Since the teeth are not in direct contact with the alveolar bone, they present a physiological mobility due to the presence of the periodontal ligament. Pathological dental mobility may be the result of periodontal disease . Objective: Course objective: To analyze the prevalence of dental mobility in patients with periodontal disease seen in the periodontics clinic of the UCSG, semester B-2016. Specific objectives: To determine the prevalence of periodontal disease severity, to show the prevalence of degrees of dental mobility, to discover the number of teeth affected by dental mobility, to record the type of bone loss in relation to the degree of dental mobility, to mention the higher degree of mobility present in the patients studied, and to detail the age and gender with more cases of dental mobility in the patients in the study group. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 250 patients with periodontal disease aged 16-76 years, where 66 patients had dental mobility, measuring the degrees of dental mobility of each tooth with two blunt-tipped metallic instruments using the technique described by J, Lindhe. Results: Results: The prevalent type of periodontal disease is chronic periodontitis 68.1%. The prevalence of periodontal disease in severity corresponds to 36.3% in severe chronic periodontitis. The prevalence of dental mobility was 51% with degree I mobility. In the study group we found 618 teeth affected by dental mobility. The highest degree of mobility was grade III (8%). The type of bone loss (mild, moderate, severe) was classified as grade I, II and III of dental mobility, forming three groups: Slight bone loss 98.5% related to 93.3% mobility Grade I, Bone loss Moderate 84.5 is related to 75.8% grade II mobility, and severe bone loss with 62.1% is unrelated to 15.1% grade III mobility. The gender with more cases of dental mobility was the masculine one with 84 cases and the age group of 37 to 56 years presented greater dental mobility within the patients of the study group. Conclusion: It was identified that chronic periodontitis is prevalent in this study. It was determined that severe chronic periodontitis prevails in severity of periodontal disease in this study. It was found that the degree I of dental mobility is the prevalent within the patients of the study group. We found 618 teeth affected by mobility. We found a relationship between mild bone loss and degree I of dental mobility and also between moderate bone loss and degree II of dental mobility; but there was no relationship between severe bone loss and grade III dental mobility. The highest degree of mobility was grade III. We found more cases of dental mobility in the male gender and of the patients studied we found between 37 to 56 years of age more cases of dental mobility.