Análisis tomográfico de variaciones anatómicas de premolares en la Clínica NEXODENT, Guayaquil 2016.

Abstract

Introduction: Endodontic treatment currently represents an important branch in Dentistry by the preservation of dental pieces in the oral cavity. But the complexity of root canal anatomy is still a problem, even more so in the premolars, unlike other dental pieces, have variety of forms and quantity of root canals (6) Objective:The aim of this study is to determine the variations of upper and lower premolars and their relationship to anatomical structures of patients treated in 2016 at the Nexodent clinic in the city of Guayaquil, by the analysis oftomographies performed prior to their treatment. Materials and methods: Thirty-seven cone beam CT scans were analyzed from 41 patients. At the moment of analyzing each tomography three photographs of cuts were taken: coronal, axial and sagittal to obtain a variety of the information of its anatomy. Results: Of the CT scans reviewed, 71% were female, 29% male. 56% of cases present only 1 canal. According to Vertucci's classification, 56% of the teeth are type I, 26% are type IV, 11% are type II, and the rest are type V. The mean distance between the maxillary sinus and the maxillary premolars was 5.3 mm. The mean distance from the mental foramen to the lower premolars was 6.21 mm. The main location found for the orifice of the apical foramen was in the centerwith 58% of the cases. Discussion: In the present work we found similar results to previous studies in relation to the morphology of the premolars, except in which a greater presence of a single canal was obtained in the second upper premolars, in the average distance of the apex of the first mandibular premolars with the mental foramen and also in the location of the apical foramen in the tooth # 35. Conclusion:It can be concluded that the best complementary exam to analyze the anatomy of canalsis the tomography and that the results obtained in this investigation were not significantly different in comparison to investigations realized by other authors.