Características clínicas del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico en pacientes ingresados en el Hospital Luis Vernaza de Guayaquil, con énfasis en Terapia Intensiva, durante el período 2015 – 2017.

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by remissions and relapses. No current records of this disease have been found in Ecuador. Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with SLE admitted to the Luis Vernaza Hospital, with emphasis on Intensive Care. Materials and methods: Retrospective descriptive cross-sectional observational study. The protocol of the RELESSER cohort was followed and the clinical records in SERVINTE of the patients registered in the ICU databases and the one provided by the Statistics service were obtained. Results: We found 83 patients with diagnosis of SLE. 88% were women between 15 and 24 years of age (30%). In 42% of the patients, the time of evolution of the disease from the diagnosis was 0 to 5 months. The main clinical manifestations were: serological (88%), hematological (87%), renal and articular (both with 76%). Eight percent of patients died during their hospitalization; six of them had been admitted to the ICU. The entry to ICU and the score in the SLEDAI has a ratio of 35% and the exitus with the SLEDAI score a ratio of 19%. Conclusions: The most common clinical manifestations were serological, hematological, renal and articular. Lupus nephritis together with thrombocytopenia are serious manifestations that compromise the patient's life. The SLEDAI score allows differentiation of mild/moderate flares from severe ones. There is some relationship between the SLEDAI score and mortality.