Prevalencia de complicaciones perinatales en adolescentes jóvenes Hospital Especializado Mariana De Jesús desde enero 2015 a diciembre 2016.

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the obstetric and neonatal outcomes among pregnancies in young adolescents (≤15 years). Materials and Methods: It is an observational, descriptive and prevalence study carried out with primigravid adolescents under 16 years of age. The study consists of a sample of 88 pregnant adolescents, taken from the records of the clinical histories provided by the statistical de partment of the hospital, of which 82 met the criteria of inclusion and non-exclusion. Results:The mean age of adolescent mothers was 14 ± 0.73 years (range: 12-15 years), 56.09% of them were 14 years old. The percentage of cervicovaginal infections by candida and trichomonas during pregnancy were 28.05% and 10.98%, respectively. The percentage of preterm delivery was 4.88%. The mean gestational age and the percentage of small product for gestational age were 38.5 ± 1.3 and 15.85%, respectively, in spite of this, the average neonatal weight was 2550.1 ± 368.4 g. The incidence of neonates with low birth weight (<2500 g) and adverse neonatal outcome were 19.51% and 9.76%, respectively. Conclusions: In this study the prevalence of complications of pregnant adolescents is 28.05% and the prevalence of neonatal complications is 36.59%. The most frequent maternal complications in this study are dystocic parturition, acute fetal distress and cephalopelvic disproportion, where cephalopelvic disproportion predominates. While the most common neonatal complication is low birth weight.