Relación directa del retraso del lenguaje y aprendizaje en niños de edad escolar con hipoacusia conductiva por otitis media con efusión en el consultorio del Dr. Carlos Durango y Hospital Clínica Kennedy de la ciudad de Guayaquil en el periodo de octubre del 2017 a julio del 2018.

Abstract

Introduction: Otitis media with effusion is a chronic infectious disease whose accumulated serous fluid produces conductive hearing loss, and this leads to complications in learning and behavior in children between 3 and 5 years. Objective: To measure the association between the conductive hearing loss in patients with Otitis Media with Effusion and the delay of language and learning. Design: A prospective cross-sectional study that included children seen in the private practice of Dr. Carlos Durango and Hospital Clínica Kennedy located in Guayaquil from October 2017 to July 2018 with clinical suspicion of otitis media with effusion. Sample: 174 patients who met the inclusion criteria were recruited, of whom 116 had confirmatory diagnosis of otitis media with effusion through audiometry and impedanciometry. All participating patients underwent a pre and postoperative survey to determine disorders in learning, language and behavior. Results: It was evidenced that patients from 4 to 5 years old, that is, those who are in the school period, are the most vulnerable in developing OME (p = 0.008), especially those who had adenoidal hypertrophy, since it grants them 6 times more risk (p = 0.000). There is no direct relationship to sex (p = 0.742). More than 98% of patients with OME presented mild conductive hearing loss (p = 0.000). 100 of the 116 patients with OME underwent surgery. Conclusions: Patients with OME without treatment had disorders in learning, behavior and language for developing conductive hearing loss that, in most cases are not studied. The treatment of it improves these complications by 90%.