Eficacia del tratamiento farmacológico de la trombocitopenia inmune primaria en pacientes mayores de 18 años de edad que acuden al servicio de Hematología del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo desde enero 2013 hasta enero 2018.

Abstract

Primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura (IPT) is characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia (platelets < 100,000micro/L). (1–3). Most adults with TIP respond to corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin which are part of first-line treatment, but most have relapses for additional treatment, (4.5) rituximab and thrombopoioyetin receptor agonists. Immunosuppressants and cytotoxic drugs are still used in refractory patients. (6,7) Objective: To evaluate current pharmacological treatments of primary immune thrombocytopenia. Materials and Methods: Observational retrospective descriptive study. Patients were selected randomly, considering the inclusion criteria (Diagnosis of primary immune thrombocytopenia, attended at the External Hematology Consultation Service of Theodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital between the period of January 2013 to January 2018) and exclusion criteria (Possession of associated diseases, pregnant patients) obtaining a sample of 119 patients. Results: Patients who improved their platelets above 100000 (n.89), 55 (61.8%) were observed in the study. were women and 34 (38.2%) males (p- 0.224). By relating several variables between them, treatment response criteria with the increase or not of platelets was found to be more frequently, 61 (68.5%) had a complete response(n-66) followed by "Corticodependent" (n- 30). The most prevalent side effects were patients without side effects. Conclusions: It was determined that 68.5% of patients had a complete response (platelets > 100,000micro/L) as a therapeutic scheme quality criterion in the three treatment controls, so we concluded that drug treatment administered was effective in our study population. The most commonly used drugs were: prednisone as monotherapy (60.5%), followed by prednisone with azathioprine as a combination (24.97%). However, although less frequently, the most commonly used second-line scheme was Eltrombopag (4.20%).