Relación de los niveles de ácido fólico, vitamina B12, hierro con el estado nutricional de los pacientes con obesidad que han sido sometidos a bypass gástrico y manga endoscópica en el Hospital Alcívar de la ciudad de Guayaquil en el periodo de octubre 2019 a enero del 2020.

Abstract

Obesity is a chronic, non-communicable disease that decreases a person's life expectancy, so bariatric surgery has been useful to treat patients who have not responded with other treatments, but had complications, including malabsorption of vitamins and minerals. such as folic acid, vitamin B12 and iron, since these are necessary for essential metabolic functions, the values of these micronutrients were compared with 2 bariatric surgery techniques such as gastric bypass and endoscopic sleeve to know which of them affected the absorption the most of these micronutrients. The study had a non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive observational design. The analyzed sample consisted of 75 patients from the Alcívar Hospital in the city of Guayaquil, considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 72% were women and 28% men; In the dietary assessment the results of the frequency of consumption, it was observed that of the patients subjected to endoscopic sleeve, 61% chose the consumption of legumes and flours, while in the gastric bypass procedure, 69% consumed Miscellaneous (mayonnaise, tomato sauce , snacks); the values of folic acid, vitamin B12 and iron in the 2 techniques, before surgery were 67 - 76% adequate and afterwards they were 69 - 100% (vitamin B12 and iron in gastric bypass) adequate, due to pharmaceutical supplementation post surgical. Thus, it is demonstrated that the multidisciplinary approach is essential in this type of procedure for a good pre and post surgical management.