Factores de riesgo en el carcinoma escamo celular orofaríngeo.

Abstract

Introduction: Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPHC) is very common among head and neck cancers, it appears as the eighth most frequent type of cancer worldwide and the sixth cause of mortality, representing 2% and 3% of all cases malignant neoplasms. The objective of this study is to identify the current risk factors that predispose to oropharyngeal cell carcinoma. Methodology: We used meta-search engines Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scielo, Cochrane Library, Sciencedirect, obtaining 406 results of which 363 were included, and after the critical selection and reading, a total of 23 articles were included in this study, all of which met the inclusion criteria. Results: In the study, 19 of 23 publications were found that express the odds ratio (OR). For tobacco, the OR found was: 2.30 (1.004-4.26); HPV OR:7.51 (1.90-14.66); Alcohol OR:2.41 (1.035-3.96); Areca Nut OR:6.96 (2.39-15.7); and only one Marihuana article was registered OR:(1.26). Conclusions: The most dangerous risk factor for the development of CEOF is the human papillomavirus (OR: 7.51), followed by the areca nut, (OR: 7.40), whose highest probability of risk for CEOF were Tobacco, Alcohol and areca nut. (16.89).