Diseño de una estrategia educativa para la prevención de la anemia en el embarazo en el Centro de Salud de Pascuales. Año 2021.

Abstract

Background. The OMS defines anemia as a condition in which the value of hemoglobin in the blood is below normal, which varies according to age, sex, pregnancy and the level at which it is found. The normal value for hemoglobin in a nonpregnant woman is 12 g / dl. Anemia is classified according to its, cause in absolute and relative. According to its severity: mild, moderate and severe. And according to its morphology: microcytic, macrocytic and normocytic. Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional research in which the information was collected through a survey carried out by the author, of the sociodemographic characteristics, identify the level of knowledge and identify the necessary components to design an educational strategy to reduce the factors risk of anemia. Results: In this study we have determined that 79.1% of the study population in the gestation process suffer from anemia to some degree, 58.8% have a moderate level of anemia, exposing the socioeconomic reasons such as extreme poverty that they have 94.1% this relative to the fact that 76.5% are housewives, not achieving another economic income for the family, to this is added the level of studies that only 35.3% reach high school, and with a range of age of 20 to 24 years that women are mothers, this reveals the ignorance of the main elements in the diet during pregnancy, with 67.7% of future mothers who do not consume foods rich in iron of plant origin added to the low consumption of vitamin C, and the encouraging and positive thing is that 58.8% of pregnant women present to medical centers at an early stage of pregnancy, that is, at an early level. Conclusions: The great contribution generated in this study for future mothers and society concerned with maternal health issues is substantial, achieving with this project to obtain new metrics and approaches for pregnant women and those who are not, proposing a new level of conscience in them and their families.